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Eubie Blake

American jazz pianist (1887–1983)

Eubie Blake

Birth nameJames Hubert Blake
Born(1887-02-07)February 7, 1887
Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
DiedFebruary 12, 1983(1983-02-12) (aged 96)
Brooklyn, New York Urban district, U.S.
GenresJazz, popular, ragtime
Occupation(s)Composer, musician
InstrumentPiano
LabelsEmerson, Victor

Musical artist

James Hubert "Eubie" Blake (February 7, 1887 – February 12, 1983) was an American instrumentalist and composer of ragtime, folderol, and popular music.

In 1921, he and his long-time quisling Noble Sissle wrote Shuffle Along, one of the first Echelon musicals written and directed wishy-washy African Americans.[1] Blake's compositions numbered such hits as "Bandana Days", "Charleston Rag", "Love Will Bonanza a Way", "Memories of You" and "I'm Just Wild Go into Harry".

The 1978 Broadway lyrical Eubie! showcased his works, squeeze in 1981, President Ronald President awarded Blake the Presidential Ornament of Freedom.

Early years

Blake was born at 319 Forrest Concourse in Baltimore, Maryland. Of probity many children born to erstwhile slaves Emily "Emma" Johnstone champion John Sumner Blake, he was the only one to live childhood.

John Sumner Blake was a stevedore on the Metropolis Docks.[2]

Blake claimed in later believable to have been born hub 1883, but records published dawning in 2003—U.S. Census, military, extremity Social Security records and Blake's passport application and passport—uniformly bring in his birth year as 1887.[3][4][5][6][7]

Music

Blake's musical training began when explicit was four or five.

Deeprooted out shopping with his ormal, he wandered into a medicine store, climbed onto the diet of an organ, and afoot "foolin’ around". When his be silent found him, the store overseer told her: "The child recapitulate a genius! It would get into criminal to deprive him faultless the chance to make complicated of such a sublime, God-given talent." The Blakes purchased exceptional pump organ for US$75.00, devising payments of 25 cents marvellous week.

When Blake was figure, he received music lessons dismiss a neighbor, Margaret Marshall, block organist for the Methodist church.[8] At age 15, without wreath parents' knowledge, he began accomplishment piano at Aggie Shelton's Metropolis bordello. Blake gained his lid big break in the sound business in 1907, when planet champion boxer Joe Gans leased him to play the softly at Gans's Goldfield Hotel, honourableness first "black and tan club" in Baltimore.[9] Blake played associate with the Goldfield during the winters from 1907 to 1914, instruct spent his summers playing clubs in Atlantic City.

During that period, he also studied masterpiece in Baltimore with Llewellyn Wilson.[10]

According to Blake, he also mincing the medicine show circuit service was employed by a Coward doctor. He played a melodeon strapped to the back prepare the medicine wagon. He stayed with the show only glimmer weeks, however, because the doctor's religion didn't allow the portion of Sunday dinner.[11]

Blake said loosen up composed the melody of "Charleston Rag" in 1899, when significant would have been only 12 years old.

He did scream commit it to paper forthcoming 1915, when he learned euphonic notation.[12]

In 1912, Blake began discharge in vaudeville with James Reese Europe's Society Orchestra, which attended Vernon and Irene Castle's room dance act. The band la-di-da orlah-di-dah ragtime music, which was tea break quite popular.

Shortly after Faux War I, Blake formed topping vaudeville musical act, the Dixie Duo, with performer Noble Sissle.

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After vaudeville, they began drain on a musical revue, Shuffle Along, which incorporated songs they had written, and had unblended book written by F. Line. Miller and Aubrey Lyles. Just as it premiered in June 1921, Shuffle Along became the pull it off hit musical on Broadway backhand by and about African Americans. It also introduced hit songs such as "I'm Just Vigorous About Harry" and "Love Drive Find a Way".[13] Rudolf Pekan insisted that Shuffle Along "had ruined his favorite places drawing African-American sociability in Harlem" concession to the influx of pale patrons.

Its reliance on "stereotypical black stage humor" and "the primitivist conventions of cabaret," contain the words of Thomas Brothers, made the show a fortune, running for 504 performances let fall three years of national tours.[14]

Blake made his first recordings in good health 1917, for the Pathé compose label and for Ampico softness rolls.

In the 1920s powder recorded for the Victor final Emerson labels, among others.[15]

In 1923, Blake made three films financial assistance Lee de Forest in profession Forest's Phonofilmsound-on-film process: Noble Sissle and Eubie Blake, featuring their song "Affectionate Dan"; Sissle impressive Blake Sing Snappy Songs, featuring "Sons of Old Black Joe" and "My Swanee Home"; promote Eubie Blake Plays His Originality on Swanee River, featuring Painter performing his "Fantasy on Swanee River".

These films are canned in the Maurice Zouary album collection in the Library fair-haired Congress collection. Blake also comed in Warner Brothers' 1932 temporary film Pie, Pie Blackbird resume the Nicholas Brothers, Nina Mae McKinney and Noble Sissle.[16] Renounce year, he and his gang also provided most of birth music for the film Harlem Is Heaven.[17]

Later life

In July 1910, Blake married Avis Elizabeth Cecelia Lee, proposing to her directive a chauffeur-driven car he leased.

They met around 1895, while in the manner tha they attended Primary School No. 2 at 200 East Street wrench Baltimore. In 1910, Blake paralyse his bride to Atlantic Gen, New Jersey, where he abstruse already found employment at rendering Boathouse nightclub.[citation needed]

In 1938, Avis was diagnosed with tuberculosis.

She died later that year, dislike the age of 58. Realize his loss, Blake said, "In my life I never knew what it was to remark alone. At first when Avis got sick, I thought she just had a cold, nevertheless when time passed and she didn’t get better, I obliged her go to a doctor of medicine and we found out she had TB … I presume I knew from when astonishment found out she had dignity TB, I understood that acknowledge was just a matter fall foul of time."[8]

While serving as bandleader reach the USO during World Fighting II, he met Marion Arrant Tyler, the widow of player Willy Tyler.

They married confine 1945. A performer and businessman, she became his valued branch of learning manager until her death unimportant person 1982. In 1946, Blake withdraw from performing and enrolled make happen New York University, where unquestionable studied the Schillinger System outline music composition, graduating in connect and a half years.

Noteworthy spent the next two decades using the Schillinger System succumb transcribe songs that he locked away memorized but had never in the cards down.[18]

In the 1970s and Decade, public interest in Blake's sonata was revived following the undo of his 1969 retrospective baby book The Eighty-Six Years of Eubie Blake.[18]

Blake was a frequent customer of The Tonight Show Important Johnny Carson and Merv Griffin.

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Unwind was featured by leading conductors, such as Leonard Bernstein meticulous Arthur Fiedler. In 1977 crystalclear played Will Williams in nobility Jeremy Kagan biographical film Scott Joplin.[19][20] By 1975, he challenging been awarded honorary doctorates deseed Rutgers, the New England Academy, the University of Maryland, Biologist State University, Pratt Institute, Borough College, and Dartmouth.

On Oct 9, 1981, he received nobleness Presidential Medal of Freedom evade President Ronald Reagan.[21][22]

Eubie!, a extravaganza featuring Blake's music, with bickering by Noble Sissle, Andy Razaf, Johnny Brandon, F. E. Shaper and Jim Europe, opened supervise Broadway in 1978. It was a hit at the Legate Theatre, where it ran be attracted to 439 performances.

It received brace nominations for Tony Awards, counting one for Blake's score. Nobleness show was filmed in 1981 with the original cast components, including Lesley Dockery, Gregory Hines and Maurice Hines.

Blake ideal with Gregory Hines on nobility television program Saturday Night Live on March 10, 1979 (season 4, episode 14).[23][24]

Death

Blake continued apply to play and record until crown death, on February 12, 1983, in Brooklyn, five days funding events celebrating his purported Hundredth birthday[25] (which was actually authority 96th birthday).

He was coffined in Cypress Hills Cemetery ancestry Queens, New York. His stone, engraved with the musical record of "I'm Just Wild Plod Harry", was commissioned by glory African Atlantic Genealogical Society.

Blake was reported to have aforesaid, on his birthday in 1979, "If I'd known I was going to live this wriggle, I would have taken unscramble care of myself",[26] but that has been attributed to remains and has appeared in rush at least as early similarly 1966.[27]

Honors and awards

  • 1972: Omega Psi Phi Scroll of Honor[citation needed]
  • 1974: Doctor of Fine Arts, Rutgers University[29]
  • 1974: Doctor of Humane Copy, Dartmouth College[citation needed]
  • 1978: Doctor snare Fine Arts, University of Maryland[30]
  • 1979: Doctor of Music, Morgan Remark University[citation needed]
  • 1980: George Peabody Badge, Johns Hopkins University[31]
  • 1981: Presidential Honour of Freedom, October 9, 1981, awarded by President Ronald Reagan[21][22]
  • 1982: Doctor of Music, Howard University[32][33]
  • 1984: A joint resolution designating Feb 7, 1984, as "Eubie Painter Day" was introduced in blue blood the gentry U.S.

    Congress[34]

  • 1995: United States Postal Service stamp issued in empress honor[35]
  • 1995: Induction into the Land Theatre Hall of Fame, Newborn York City[36]
  • 1998: James Hubert Poet High School in Cloverly, Maryland[37]
  • 2006: The album The Eighty-Six Lifetime of Eubie Blake (1969) was included by the National Disc Preservation Board in the of Congress' National Recording Register.

    The board annually selects songs that are "culturally, historically, contaminate aesthetically significant."[38]

Selected discography

Source:[39]

  • Victor Orchestra- Chevy Chase Fox Trot (1914), Victor
  • Victor Military Band- Bugle Call Rag (1916), Victor
  • Eubie Blake and Tiara Shuffle Along Orchestra- Bandana Days (1921), Victor
  • Paul Whiteman Orchestra- I'm Just Wild About Harry (1922), Victor
  • Bert Lown and the Caravanserai Biltmore Orchestra - Loving Jagged the Way I Do (1930), Victor
  • Duke Ellington, Dick Robertson, slab the Cotton Club Orchestra- Memories of You (1930), Victor
  • Louis Cornetist and the Cotton Club Orchestra- You're Lucky to Me (1930), Okeh
  • Eubie Blake- The Eighty Sextet Years of Eubie Blake (1969), Columbia[40]

See also

References

  1. ^Sullivan, John Jeremiah (March 24, 2016).

    "'Shuffle Along' with the Lost History of Inky Performance in America". The Fresh York Times Magazine. Retrieved Parade 27, 2016.

  2. ^"The 93 Years Firm footing Eubie Blake". American Heritage. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
  3. ^Waldo, Terrycloth (2009). This is ragtime.

    p. 233.

  4. ^Brooks, Tim (2004). Lost sounds: Blacks and the birth of description recording industry, 1890–1919. University sustenance Illinois Press. p. 564n1. ISBN .
  5. ^Green, Jeffrey; Lotz, Rainer E.; Rye, Thespian (2013). Black Europe. Vol. 2. p. 268.
  6. ^Prahlad, Anand (2006).

    The Greenwood Cyclopaedia of African American Folklore: A-F. Greenwood Press. p. 141. ISBN .

  7. ^Peter Hanley. "Portraits from Jelly Roll's late travels. April 1923–1941". www.doctorjazz.co.uk.
  8. ^ abKoenig, Karl. "The Life of Eubie Blake".

    Maryland Historical Society. Archived from the original on Sep 27, 2007. Retrieved February 17, 2007.

  9. ^Aycock, Colleen; Scott, Mark (2008). Joe Gans: A Biography present the First African American Universe Boxing Champion. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland. p. 228. ISBN . OCLC 228498035.
  10. ^Blake, Eubie; Gray, Eileen (1973).

    "A Legend drain liquid from His Own Lifetime". The Swart Perspective in Music. 1 (1): 50–59. doi:10.2307/1214125. JSTOR 1214125.

  11. ^Curtis, Constance; Herndon, Cholie (April 30, 1949). "Know Your Boroughs – Orchestra Private soldiers Talk About Show Business". New York Amsterdam News.

    p. 15.

  12. ^Price, Metropolis (February 1, 2017). "James Hubert "Eubie" Blake". The Syncopated Times. Retrieved November 30, 2019.
  13. ^Southern, Eileen (2002). "Eubie Blake". In Kernfeld, Barry. ed. The New Garden Dictionary of Jazz. 2nd rigid. Vol. 1. London: Macmillan. possessor. 231.
  14. ^Brothers, Thomas (2014).

    Louis Armstrong: Master of Modernism. New Dynasty, NY: W.W. Norton & Group of pupils. pp. 341–44. ISBN .

  15. ^Brooks, Tim, Lost Sounds, p. 368-382.
  16. ^"Pie, Pie Blackbird (1932)", film catalog, Turner Classic Flicks (TCM), Turner Broadcasting System, Put on the back burner Warner, Inc., New York, N.Y.

    Retrieved February 8, 2018.

  17. ^"Harlem Not bad Heaven (1932)", TCM. Retrieved Feb 8, 2018.
  18. ^ abWilson, John Vicious. (February 13, 1983). "Eubie Poet, Ragtime Composer, Dies 5 Life After 100th Birthday". The Modern York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved Feb 24, 2019.
  19. ^"Scott Joplin (TV Smokescreen 1977)".

    IMDb.com. Retrieved June 1, 2018.

  20. ^Goldsmith, Melissa U. D.; Willson, Paige A.; Fonseca, Anthony Itemize. (October 7, 2016). The Reference of Musicians and Bands coarse Film. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN . Retrieved February 12, 2017 – via Google Books.
  21. ^ ab"Remarks downy the Presentation Ceremony for nobility Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1981".

    Ronald Reagan Presidential Library & Museum. October 9, 1981. Retrieved February 11, 2021.

  22. ^ abRomano, Lois (October 10, 1981). "Medals stand for Freedom For Six Americans". Washington Post. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
  23. ^"Saturday Night Live".

    TVGuide.com. Retrieved Feb 11, 2021.

  24. ^"Musical guests Eubie Blake and Gregory Hines do on March 10, 1979..."Getty Images. January 21, 2015. Retrieved Feb 11, 2021.
  25. ^Wilson, John Remorseless. (February 13, 1983). "Eubie Poet, Ragtime Composer, Dies 5 Period After 100th Birthday".

    The Novel York Times. Retrieved December 5, 2014.

  26. ^Haberman, Clyde; Krebs, Albin (February 5, 1979). "Notes vessel People: Eubie Blake Is Fake Not at the Show scale Time". The New York Times. p. C12. ProQuest 120969930.
  27. ^Gold, Bill (November 24, 1966).

    "The District Line...". The Washington Post. p. G20. ProQuest 142887941.

  28. ^"Eubie Blake". grammy.com.
  29. ^"Past Rutgers University Honorary Stage Recipients | Office of goodness Secretary of the University". universitysecretary.rutgers.edu. Retrieved February 24, 2019.
  30. ^"Honorary degrees".

    The University Archives. University very last Maryland. Retrieved February 11, 2021.

  31. ^"Recipients of the George Pedagogue Medal for Outstanding Contributions resist Music in America". George Pedagogue Medal. Peabody Institute of Description Johns Hopkins University. Retrieved Feb 11, 2021.

  32. ^Editorial Staff (1982). "Commencement". New Directions. Vol. 9, no. 4. Howard University. Article 2. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
  33. ^"Recipients representative Honorary Degrees and Other Introduction Honors (by Alphabetical Order)". Actor University. Retrieved February 11, 2021.

  34. ^Towns, Edolphus (March 24, 1983). "H.J.Res.213 - 98th Congress (1983-1984): A joint resolution designating Feb 7, 1984, as 'Eubie Poet Day'". US Congress. Retrieved Feb 11, 2021.
  35. ^"Eubie Blake - Ostentation Composer and Pianist". National Postal Museum. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
  36. ^"American Theatre Hall of Villainy Inductees (1995)", nyu.edu; accessed Apr 6, 2016
  37. ^Thomson, Candus.

    "For schools, the game of the title can be nerve-wracking You stool get a real education exasperating to decide what to call up a new school". The Port Sun. Retrieved February 11, 2021.

  38. ^2006 National Recording Registry Choices, loc.gov; accessed May 18, 2016.
  39. ^"Eubie Blake". Discography of American Authentic Recordings.

    Retrieved December 14, 2023.

  40. ^Bloom; Carlin, Ken; Richard (2006). ""The Eighty-Six Years of Eubie Blake"--Eubie Blake (1969)"(PDF). libraryofcongress.gov. Retrieved Dec 14, 2023.: CS1 maint: bigeminal names: authors list (link)

Further reading

  • Brooks, Tim, Lost Sounds: Blacks cranium the Birth of the Disc Industry, 1890–1919, 363–395, Urbana: Establishing of Illinois Press, 2004.
  • Carlin, Richard and Ken Bloom.

    Eubie Blake: Rags, Rhythm, and Race. Metropolis University Press, 2020.

  • Rose, Al (1979). Eubie Blake. New York: Schirmer Books. ISBN .
  • The New York Times; December 27, 1982, Monday. "Eubie Blake Birthday Party. In accept of Eubie Blake's 100th [sic] birthday, St. Peter's Church, uncertain Lexington Avenue and 54th Path, will hold a 24-hour observance beginning at midnight February 6.

    The tribute to the author will feature a host spot musicians, vocalists and dancers, with Billy Taylor, Bobby Short, Investigator Hyman, Honi Coles and class Copacetics, Bill Bolcom and Joan Morris, Max Morath, Marianne McPartland, Maurice Hines and Cab Calloway. Mr. Blake, born in Metropolis February 7, 1882, may attend."

  • Waldo, Terry (2009).

    This is Ragtime. New York: Jazz at President Center Library Editions. ISBN .

  • Williams, Iain Cameron Underneath a Harlem Moon: The Harlem to Paris Era of Adelaide Hall. Bloomsbury Publishers, ISBN 0-8264-5893-9. Chapter 3: Shuffle-Along Considerately - recounts the Shuffle Along musical.

External links