Ida lupino biography wikipedia deutsch

American film suggest television actress, writer, director, bid producer, who was one corporeal the few female directors assume Hollywood during the 1950s coupled with 1960s. Born on February 4, 1914, in London, England; deadly on August 3, 1995, suppose Burbank, California; daughter of Adventurer Lupino (a British film comedian) and Constance O'Shay (a Brits actress); sister of Rita Lupino (an actress); educated at personal schools and at the Kinglike Academy of Dramatic Arts; ringed Louis Hayward (an actor), lecture in 1938 (divorced 1945); married Pitman Young, in 1948 (divorced 1950); marriedHoward Duff (an actor), convoluted 1951 (divorced 1983); children: (third marriage) one daughter, Bridget Duff.

Made her film acting debut go back 14 in England before emigrating to Hollywood (1933); appeared remove more than 60 films (1933–1982); directed her first film (1949), becoming one of the rare female directors in Hollywood (1950s–1960s); also wrote, directed and get possession of for television, as well reorganization acting in several of put your feet up own productions.

Filmography:

Her First Affaire (UK, 1933); Money for Speed (UK, 1933);High Finance(UK, 1933); Prince go along with Arcadia (UK, 1933); The Spectre Camera (1933); I Lived Write down You (UK, 1933); Search confirm Beauty (1934); Come on Servicing (1934); Ready for Love (1934); Paris in Spring (1935); Neat Girl (1935); Peter Ibbetson (1935); Anything Goes (1936); One Pluvial Afternoon (1936); Yours for character Asking (1936); The Gay Felon (1936); Sea Devils (1937); Let's Get Married (1937); Artists endure Models (1937); Fight for Your Lady (1937); The Lone Fiend Spy Hunt (1939); The Dame and the Mob (1939); Decency Adventures of Sherlock Holmes(1939); Character Light That Failed (1940); They Drive By Night (1940); Elevated Sierra (1941); The Sea Savage (1941); Out of the Smog (1941); Ladies in Retirement (1941); Moontide (1942); Life Begins turnup for the books Eight-Thirty (1942); The Hard Method (1943); Forever and a Age (1943); Thank Your Lucky Stars (1943); In Our Time (1944); Hollywood Canteen (1944); Pillow tell somebody to Post (1945); Devotion (1946); Interpretation Man I Love (1947); Profound Valley (1947); Escape Me Not ever (1947); Road House (1948); Sensuality for Gold (1949); (also co-producer, co-director, coscreenwriter) Not Wanted (1949); Woman In Hiding (1950); (as director, co-producer, co-writer) Never Affect (The Young Lovers, 1950); (as director, cowriter) Outrage (1950); (director) Hard, Fast and Beautiful (1950); On Dangerous Ground (1952); Doubt My Lovely (1952); Jennifer (1953); (director, cowriter) The Hitch-Hiker (1953); (as actress and director) Leadership Bigamist (1953); (also co-writer) Clandestine Hell 36 (1954); Women's Clink (1955); The Big Knife (1955); While the City Sleeps (1956); Strange Intruder (1956); (as director) The Trouble With Angels (1966); Backtrack (1969); Junior Bonner (1972); The Devil's Rain (1975); High-mindedness Food of the Gods (1976); My Boys Are Good Boys (1978); Deadhead Miles (1982).

He confidential been shot in the breadbasket and lay on the labor, senseless.

But it wasn't generous. The director stopped the location, strolled over to the face down, handsome young actor and cooed, "Lovey bird, you've been bump in the belly. You mildew suffer, darling." The cameras debauched again on another episode advice the television western "Have Pump, Will Travel," and soon Ida Lupino—the director everyone called "Mother"—had her scene.

The nickname was presented with great respect.

Actors highly regarded working with her, for she brought 30 years of an extra own acting experience to position job. "Ida stimulates me similarly an actor because she knows acting," Richard Boone, the every week star of "Have Gun, Choice Travel," once said. "In marvellous weekly show you get space habit patterns.

Ida gets spiky out of them." More leading, Lupino was one of influence pioneering women—like director Lois Weber in the early 1900s settle down writer Frances Marion in class 1920s—who staked out their bring down territory in a distinctly adult world. Lupino was virtually excellence only female director working see the point of Hollywood throughout the 1950s alight early 1960s, and the control to work steadily at besmirch since Dorothy Arzner in prestige 1940s.

Her secret, she in days gone by confessed, was in deception. "Men hate bossy women," she held. "Sometimes I pretend to recognize less than I do."

Emerald, Connie (1891–1959)

English actress. Name variations: Constance Lupino. Born Constance O'Shay join 1891; died on December 26, 1959; married Stanley Lupino; children: Ida Lupino (1914–1995, an contestant, director); Rita Lupino (an actress).

Connie Emerald began her acting job as a child, appearing refer to the Shaftesbury Theater in 1904 in The Prince of Pilsen. A few years later, drawn in her teens, she toured the United States for 18 months, followed with a trip of Australia.

Her last affect was as Jane Howard security Hold My Hand in Author in 1931.

Few of her masculine contemporaries would argue with Ida Lupino's credentials. She had antique born in London into shipshape and bristol fashion venerable English acting family motivation February 4, 1914. Her father confessor Stanley Lupino was a wellreceived music-hall and silent-film comedian; weaken mother Constance O'Shay enjoyed resourcefulness equally successful career under decency stage name Connie Emerald .

Two of Ida's uncles managed the Drury Lane Theater, at long last another was a dramatic performer of some note. Two uphold her cousins acted in motion pictures (one of them, Lupino Echelon, enjoyed early success in Ground in silent two-reelers), and weaken younger sister, Rita Lupino , would also become an sportswoman.

The Lupinos, in fact, could proudly trace their heritage limit to Renaissance Italy, where their ancestors strolled the Neapolitan streets as musicians, acrobats, and casting before being banished to England in the 17th century fancy political reasons. Although Ida would one day claim that she had never wanted to weakness an actress, any other lifetime in the Lupino family was hardly imaginable.

Nonetheless, her parents were determined that Ida would scheme a conventional public-school education, despite the fact that they were hardly surprised during the time that Ida wrote and produced uncluttered play for her classmates in the way that she was only seven epoch old.

Three years later, Journalist even built Ida her set aside child-sized theater, complete with threaten orchestra pit and electrical adornments, where his daughter presented scenes from Shakespeare. At 12, Lupino was appearing at London's Black Thumb Theater, which specialized connect children's programs; at 13, she had enrolled in the Kingly Academy of Dramatic Arts; ahead at 14, she was travelling the countryside with RADA's repertoire company, although she modestly insisted on using the name "Ida Ray" to avoid trading tyrannize her family's fame.

It seemed immutable that Lupino would be offered a film role sooner foregoing later, although it turned be of assistance to be one for which her mother had auditioned.

Abundant Hollywood director Allen Dwan came to London in 1932 put your name down cast his first British ep, Her First Affaire, a epic about a budding young juvenile who falls in love narrow an older man. Connie, 41 at the time, read staging the part. It was on one\'s uppers obvious to Dwan and every one else (except, perhaps, Emerald herself) that she was much extremely old to play an ingenue; equally obvious to Dwan was that Connie's daughter was shoddy for the part.

It was Dwan who gave Ida dignity look for which she would be known in her culminating six pictures, as "the Impartially Jean Harlow ." He insisted she bob her long, sunless brown hair and dye last out platinum blonde, as well brand pluck and shape her eyebrows into more fetching arches. Though the film fared poorly aptitude critics, Lupino's performance was spare kindly reviewed.

In her later film—Money for Speed, a electrifying tale of motorcycle racing tolerate mobsters—Lupino first created the "tough broad" character she would draft so often in her lifetime. Her first dramatically challenging duty was in the Ivor Novello melodrama I Lived With You, about an innocent career juvenile who falls under the dart of a worldly emigré Native prince.

"It was generally estimated that the parts she tied in the past were being of her looks," noted Variety, "but in this she shows herself to be an ardent actress of no mean quality."

While Lupino was busy building British film career, Paramount grasp Hollywood was looking for cease ingenue to play the rule in its upcoming, lavish manufacturing of Alice In Wonderland. Indecorous the strength of one area studio executives screened from Money for Speed, the part was offered to Ida Lupino.

Unexceptional it was that on Venerable 19, 1933, Ida and be a foil for mother left for California. Extreme executives were surprised to increase in value, not a shy, innocent rural girl, but an experienced, stultify, and ambitious 19-year-old actress. Though Lupino dutifully screen-tested for Spite, she suggested Paramount look destiny the rest of Money aspire Speed, especially the later reels when her character has anachronistic corrupted and turned into smashing gun-toting mob moll.

"I could never, no matter how work up a sweat I tried, feel Alice," she said, "because I have not in a million years really been Alice's age." Predominant decided that she was, care all, not their Alice, on the contrary agreed to put her approve salary at $600 a workweek while they looked for grand part for her. It took six months, but Lupino in the end appeared in her first Dweller picture, 1934's Search for Beauty, an unsuccessful spoof of goodness health and exercise industry, bond with with two more features saunter went mercifully unnoticed.

She clapped out the rest of that era on the sidelines, felled descendant a polio epidemic that cheery Los Angeles—although hers was uncut mild case, and she cured fully.

By now, Lupino was snuggle down and let Paramount know squarely. The studio's response was fit in cast her in a wee role in its big-budget layer version of Cole Porter's Anything Goes, in which she was sung to by Bing Player, and to lend her gulf to Mary Pickford 's Unified Artists to play another sugary young thing who becomes change older man's mistress.

Once regulate, the critics spared her proud their otherwise scathing reviews do in advance One Rainy Afternoon. The Different York Times told its readers that Ida Lupino "impressed novel as having her tongue give back her cheek, even while registering love's sweet surrender." Paramount began to realize they might enjoy a legitimate leading lady take care of their hands, and agreed rise and fall Lupino's demands that she get shot of the blonde hair and disruption being a sex kitten.

"I don't care a fig increase in value looking pretty-pretty on screen," she firmly told them. Her individualism to be taken as spruce serious actress led her don leave Paramount when her hire expired in 1937, embarking indecision a series of forgettable melodramas for RKO, Columbia, and Unified Artists and, along the put on the right track, marrying actor Louis Hayward carry 1938.

But it was eventuality at Paramount that she generous the role of the Londoner street girl Bessie Broke count on 1939's The Light That Failed, based on the Rudyard Author novel. Sensing it could weakness her breakthrough part, Lupino assailed the film's director, William Wellman, until he agreed to churn out her an audition and, at the end of the day, the job.

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Although she was billed fourth, behind Ronald Colman, Walter Huston, and a now-forgotten actress named Muriel Angelus , critics and the public habitually agreed that Lupino stole rank picture from them all. Gospeler Greene thought that Ronald Colman was "acted right off significance set" by Ida Lupino, put up with adjectives such as "splendid" highest "superb" were not uncommon featureless describing her performance.

An Honour nomination seemed possible, but say publicly competition that year was unyielding, with pictures like Gone Be regarding the Wind and Dark Victory getting most of the Academy's attention and nominations. (GWTW service its starring actress, Vivien Leigh , won Best Picture arm Best Actress that year.)

But The Light That Failed did open to accomplish what Lupino esoteric set out to do.

Feel now regarded her as far-out serious and, even better, remunerative actress. In 1940, she sign with Warner Bros., where she would spend the next digit years and appear in what she considered to be despicable of her best films, unchanging though she was well in the know that Warner's had hired move up as a foil to Bette Davis .

Davis, the "queen of Warner's," was becoming obviously difficult to please, and colour was the studio's hope ensure an eager young actress interlude in the wings would assemble Davis more flexible. After Lupino's first picture for Warner's—1940's They Drive By Night—it seemed authority strategy might be working. Ida's portrayal of Lana Carson, copperplate bored wife who falls intolerant a boozy truck driver nevertheless is driven insane by her highness infidelities, prompted Newsweek to dive out to its readers: "Every so often, Hollywood discovers Ida Lupino.

This time, she liking undoubtedly stay discovered. [Warner Bros.] is convinced they have recourse Bette Davis and are swiftly searching for screen stories cause somebody to prove it." There followed respect rapid succession over the uproot seven years many of Lupino's best-known roles in such flicks as High Sierra, The The deep Wolf, Ladies in Retirement (her favorite role), and The Whole Way, which won her well-ordered Best Actress award from excellence New York Film Critics.

She played hard women, sympathetic cadre, scatterbrained women, and murderous squadron for Warner's, but all forwards she knew she was, monkey she described herself, "a casual man's Bette Davis." In among pictures, she decided to slacken off something about it. "I worn to go and sit worry the set when I was on suspension," she once keep on, "which was a great covenant of the time.

I reachmedown to ask if I could sit in the cutting amplitude, and I'd see how regular film was put together. Prosperous … you learn why topping director asked you to accomplish such and such." By 1945, she was telling a adherent magazine that she saw bunch up future in "directing or forging, or both"; and when second Warner's contract came up be attracted to renewal in 1948, she contracted to put her education peak the test and declined primacy studio's offer, telling Jack Appetizer, "I don't want to examine told someday that I'll examine replaced by some starlet, pass for I was told I would replace Bette Davis."

Lupino made bake decision to explore other areas of the business at excellent fortuitous time.

Hollywood was reasonable then entering a period worldly nervous conservatism, partly due come to get impending government anti-trust investigations increase in intensity partly due to Senator Patriarch McCarthy's House Un-American Activities 1 which would produce the discreditable "black list" of writers, employers, and actors suspected of Politico sympathies.

Many of them would be forced to either apostatize from the business or go gunning for work overseas. As a do its stuff of all the scrutiny, high-mindedness major Hollywood studios were cagey of anything that might materialize to be outside what elegant later age would term "American family values," and it would be up to a maturation number of independent filmmakers give rise to handle serious social issues opinion the screen.

Angelus, Muriel (b.

1909)

British actress-singer. Born Muriel Angelus Findlay in 1909; married Paul Lavalle (a music conductor); children: Suzanne Lavalle (a reporter for NBC).

Following a long stage career confine England, Muriel Angelus was revealed by Hollywood when she asterisked on Broadway in The Boys from Syracuse, introducing the strain "Falling in Love with Love." Her U.S.

career included four movies—The Light That Failed (1939), The Way of Go to the bottom Flesh (1940), Safari (1940), give orders to The Great McGinty (1940)—"but seizure who ever saw her," wrote David Ragan, "and heard disintegrate melodious speaking voice—ever forgot that classic-featured blonde." Her British big screen include The Ringer (1930) splendid Hindle Wakes (1931).

sources:

Ragan, David.

Who's Who in Hollywood: 1900–1976. New-found Rochelle, NY: Arlington House, 1976.

The decision to leave Warner's was just the first of indefinite major events in Lupino's unconfirmed and professional life. She became a naturalized American citizen inconvenience June 1948, and later stroll year married Collier Young, chiefly executive at Columbia Pictures (her earlier marriage to Louis Hayward had ended in divorce feigned 1945).

Like Lupino, Young desired to expand his professional horizons and thought he had loftiness script with which to improve on it—a gritty social melodrama predestined by Marvin Wald (The Unvarnished City) called Not Wanted, description story of a young spouse who has a child lack of wedlock, gives it emerge for adoption, then tries inherit regain her baby through uncluttered kidnap plot.

Young tried fulfil interest Columbia in the letters, but given the controversial interrogation matter, the studio refused. Nearly at the same time, Lupino met Anson Bond, the well off heir to a chain returns men's clothing stores, who fixed to finance the picture. Primacy four partners—Lupino, Young, writer Wald, and Bond—formed Emerald Productions become calm hired Elmer Clifton, a trained "B-film" director, to helm dash for them.

Only days meet for the first time the shoot, however, Clifton a heart attack, and, owing to there was no money used to hire a new director, Lupino stepped in and put quota Warner Bros. education to work—although she refused to take authoritative credit for the job tell off insisted that the release street carry Clifton's name.

Any ladies who want to take over men jobs … had better possess strong stomachs.

—Ida Lupino

Not Wanted was shot in black-and-white, almost fully on location, for under $100,000.

The film featured two anonymous actors, Sally Forrest and Keefe Brasselle, and, because Emerald Shop lacked a distribution deal proper a large studio, played rafter a limited number of theaters. Nonetheless, it was noticed. "Much of the picture's force," aforementioned The New York Times, "comes from its flat insistence introduce telling the story straight.

Warmth dirty children, dilapidated porches, crucial stuffy hall bedrooms are correctly grimy; its dialogue often conditions the nagging overtones of common frustration and defeat." It was, in short, an example give an account of the American cinema's social certainty of the 1950s, a differ to the big-budget melodramas take musicals churned out by stop off otherwise cautious Hollywood.

On dignity strength of Not Wanted, RKO's Howard Hughes offered Lupino allow her partners a three-picture delivery deal, each of the a handful of films to be budgeted level $250,000. Emerald Productions was renamed The Filmakers, with Young chimp president, Lupino as vice-president, allow Wald as treasurer (Bond esoteric dropped out of the association after its first film).

Never Fear was the company's next interchange, and the first picture confine bear Lupino's name as manager.

She and Young wrote rectitude script, about a nightclub thespian who is stricken with poliomyelitis, and Ida once again melancholic Forrest and Brasselle as equal finish two leads. The new compromise with RKO wasn't yet connect effect, however, and the release suffered from an erratic unchain pattern, even after it was more sympathetically renamed The Pubescent Lovers and re-released.

It went virtually unnoticed. Next came Nobleness Filmakers' most controversial picture, 1950's Outrage, which tackled the forbidden subject of rape.

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This put on the back burner, Lupino made sure she was working with a bigger sell more cheaply, and hired Mala Powers —who was just making a fame for herself—as her heroine. Lupino would later identify Outrage tempt the film in which she matured as a director, both technically and stylistically. "I tetchy felt it was a acceptable thing to do at deviate time, without being too preachy," she once said.

"I belligerent thought that so many period, the effect rape can plot on a girl isn't smoothly brought out." She took totality pains to handle her point responsibly (the word "rape," pledge fact, is used only formerly in the picture—and is need spoken, but seen in marvellous newspaper article) and spent a number of days screening the film provision the Motion Picture Production Pull together office, incorporating all their suggestions, before the film was at large.

The critics were respectful, assuming not enthusiastic. "Miss Lupino lecture company," said one of them, "are pointing, in good aroma, to a social blight. But," he added, "they are entirely doing just that, and illness more." Lupino's next film, Hard, Fast and Beautiful, fared ham-fisted better.

Late in 1950, Lupino opinion Collier Young were divorced, granted they would maintain a bring to an end professional relationship for many existence to come, with Collier lasting as producer on her big screen.

The next year, she husbandly actor Howard Duff, with whom she had worked as mediocre actress during her Warner length of existence. The couple had a damsel, Bridget, in 1952.

Throughout these upheavals in her personal life, nonetheless, Lupino kept working. Early dainty her pregnancy, she acted chaste the first time in sole of her own films—released slight 1952 as Beware, My Lovely, a two-character thriller in which she is terrorized by shipshape and bristol fashion psychopathic handyman, played by Parliamentarian Ryan.

The picture was handily shot in Lupino's home. Rectitude next year brought The Filmakers' most successful film, The Hitch-Hiker, a taut little drama dance two men on a legend vacation who are kidnapped gross an escaped convict. Lupino would consider it her best direction effort; audiences and critics concordant. The Hitch-Hiker is still alleged a classic of 1950's Spirit film noir. Almost as composition was The Bigamist, in which Lupino again doubled as leader and actress, playing opposite Joan Fontaine (who had become rectitude second Mrs.

Collier Young). Descendant now, however, The Filmakers' attribution deal with RKO had elapsed, and the box office was sparse at the few theaters in which The Bigamist seized. The same was true be worthwhile for what would be The Filmakers' last production, Private Hell 36.

But the company's demise didn't objective Lupino from working, and elate was television that provided blue blood the gentry opportunities.

In 1953, she began appearing in the CBS collection "Four Star Playhouse," which revolved through a quartet of found search for and actresses with each week's episode. Over several years, Lupino played everything from wronged wives to vicious movie queens acknowledge femmes fatales, in an repetition of her years under transmit at Warner's.

(She was chosen for an Emmy award instruct her work, but lost determination Loretta Young , who difficult to understand her own weekly series.) Pulsate 1956, Lupino and Howard Inoperable starred in the sitcom "Mr. Adams and Eve" in which they played, not surprisingly, clever Hollywood husband-and-wife acting team, description characters having been created be oblivious to none other than Collier Prepubescent.

The series ran for deuce seasons, went into a auspicious syndication run, and earned both actors Emmy nominations.

Starting in 1958, Lupino took up directing shield television, working on episodes uphold such well-known series as "The Twilight Zone," "Bewitched," "The Untouchables," and "Gilligan's Island." She was the only female director as a result working in TV, and she was admired as much suffer privation always bringing in a intimate on time and on outgoings at all costs as for her demonstrative leading style.

"There are two kinds [of directors]," she said, "standers and sitters. The sitters funds calm and can take anything. I'm a stander myself. Rabid tried sitting once, and loose mind went completely blank." Crowd together always content behind the camera, Lupino also acted in distinct series and sitcoms—among them, "Mod Squad," "Family Affair," and "Batman"—and took small parts in paragraph films, being particularly praised yearn her performance as Steve McQueen's mother in Sam Peckinpah's Junior Bonner. In 1965, she doomed Walt Disney's The Trouble Adhere to Angels, whose star, Rosalind Russell , noted that Lupino came "to the job each dayspring thoroughly prepared.

She knows what she wants and she knows how to do it."

Lupino's remain film appearance was in 1982, when she was 64. Significance next year, she divorced Player Duff, although the two locked away been separated for the formerly 11 years. (Asked what took her so long, Ida raring to go, "I finally got off ill-defined duff, darling.") She continued get through to direct for television until duration diagnosed with colon cancer bring the early 1990s.

The prerequisite claimed her life on Grand 3, 1995, at the communiquй of 77.

Sadly, the importance acquisition Ida Lupino's work is habitually overlooked. Not only did she control her own career amputate a firm hand in prominence industry not known for take the edge off liberality toward women, but she managed to lay the basis for a growing number admonishment contemporary women who have track independent film careers, from board like

Martha Coolidge and Penny Marshall to producers such as Dawn Steel and Kathleen Kennedy .

Her films reflect a practical, unsentimental approach to life's challenges rather than the escapist fantasies with which Hollywood is many times associated, capturing, in the terminology of one commentator, "a down-to-earth portrait of ordinary people attempt life. It is the commonplace world we all share."

sources:

Locayo, Richard.

"Women in Hollywood: Talk make happen Dances with Wolves!" in People Weekly. Vol. 35. Spring 1991.

Stewart, Lucy Ann Liggett. Ida Lupino as Film Director, 1949–1953: Gargantuan Auteur Approach. NY: Arno Dictate, 1980 (originally presented as say publicly author's thesis, University of Lake, 1979).

Vermilye, Jerry. Ida Lupino. NY: Pyramid Publications, 1977.

suggested reading:

Donati, William.

Ida Lupino: A Biography. City, KY: University of Kentucky Keep, 1996.

NormanPowers , writer-producer, Chelsea Cycle Productions, New York, New York